A comprehensive study of all eleven body systems in the time-frame of a one-semester course. Lecture emphasizes how anatomy, chemistry, and cell biology permit the specific functioning of organs and systems, while lab exercises reinforce the lecture materials. BIO-134 does not substitute for the BIO-233/BIO-234 sequence required by HFC's Nursing, Respiratory Therapist, Surgical Technologist, Radiographer, and Physical Therapy Assistant programs. BIO-134 may serve as refresher for the 233/234 sequence if taken within 5 years of original courses and permission is granted from the School of Health and Human Services (HHS). Four hours of lecture and two hours of lab per week. Please note: BIO-134 is a 5 credit, content-heavy course, which requires a substantial time commitment and focused study beyond the conventional expectations in a standard 100 level science course.
Goals, Topics, and Objectives
BIO 134 currently provides the academic foundation of Anatomy & Physiology for selected Allied Health curricula at HFC and for guest students from selected universities where a five credit, one-semester Anatomy and Physiology course is the standard.
- Introduction to body organization and anatomical terms
- Basic chemistry
- Cell structure and function
- Histology of human tissues
- Integumentary system
- Skeletal system and joints
- Muscular system
- Nervous system
- Endocrine system
- Cardiovascular system
- Immune system and body defense
- Respiratory system
- Digestive system and metabolism
- Urinary system, fluid/electrolyte and acid/base balance
- Reproductive systems
Students who successfully complete this course should be able to:
- Describe the position of the body in the anatomical position and state the anatomical terms identifying specific parts of the body.
- Define homeostasis and describe an example related to the functioning of each system in the body.
- For each class of organic molecule (carbohydrate, lipid, protein and nucleic acid), name its respective monomer building block(s), explain its value or importance for the needs of the human body, and briefly describe how its basic molecular structure differs from the other monomers.
- Distinguish between each of the following cellular transport mechanisms by describing the basis for the directional movement of molecules: diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion, active transport, filtration, phagocytosis, and pinocytosis.
- Describe the structural and functional characteristics that distinguish each of the four fundamental tissue categories as well as their sub-categories where applicable: epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous.
- Name the bones of the axial and appendicular skeleton, and the bones involved in formation of each diarthrotic joint of the body.
- For each designated muscle, describe its attachment points to the skeleton (origin and insertion), its action at that joint, and its relationship to other muscles as an antagonist or synergist.
- Describe the relationship of a neuron to the following structures: Schwann cells, myelin sheath, synapses, and neurotransmitters.
- Describe the relationship of sensory neurons and motor neurons of the peripheral nervous system to interneurons and the integrative functions of the central nervous system.
- Explain the means by which the hypothalamus controls or regulates the secretory functions of both the anterior pituitary gland and the posterior pituitary gland.
- Describe the difference between plasma and serum, hematocrit and hemoglobin content, erythrocyte and reticulocyte, antigen and antibody.
- Trace the path of blood through both sides of the heart, naming the sequence of chambers, valves, and major blood vessels through which it flows.
- Explain the respective roles of filtration and osmotic pressure in the exchange of materials between the blood and the tissue fluid surrounding cells of the body.
- Describe the differences between cell-mediated Immunity and humoral immunity, describing the roles of T-cells, B-cells, memory cells, NK cells, and plasma cells.
- Compare the transport of respiratory gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) in the blood and explain the basis for the toxic effect of carbon monoxide.
- Describe the general operation of the digestive system by relating the stages of mechanical digestion, chemical digestion, and absorption to the functioning of specific organs.
- Describe what happens to a glucose molecule as it progresses through the three stages of cellular respiration, indicating where the carbon dioxide is generated, where most of the ATP is generated, and where oxygen is required.
- State the kidney's role in determining the chemical composition of the blood by listing the normal components of urine and describing how the kidneys vary the amounts of the filtered wastes.
- Define pH as a measurement and explain the relationship of the pH scale to acidic, neutral, and basic values. Describe the effects of pH imbalance on body function.
- Describe the hormonal relay of information between the anterior pituitary gland, and organs of the male and female reproductive systems, by associating each hormone with the proper endocrine source and the effect the hormone will have on its target organ.
Twelve pages available upon request.
Entered ILT approval date
Assessment and Requirements
Academic achievement will be assessed including but not limited to the following methods:
- Four lecture exams using primarily objective questions will assess understanding of structural relationships and physiology.
- Three lab practical exams comprised of the anatomic models, multiple choice and True and False questions. The lab practical exams are designed to measure the student's ability to identify anatomic structures, organs, and systems as they are related to the specific function.
While there is no formal science prerequisite to this course, it is highly recommended that a student have some experience in college-level academic success before registering for BIO 134. Completing a course in Medical Terminology prior to or simultaneously with BIO 134 is advised.
- Lecture: Marieb and Keller Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology, 12th ed., 2018, and its accompanying Student Workbook (workbook optional).
- Lab: Rivers' Course Objectives and Lab Guide to BIO 134, current printing
Outcomes
- Natural Sciences
- Scientific Reasoning
- Category 6: Natural Sciences (Lecture and Lab)